BTEC HND Level 5 Unit 49 Operating Systems Assignment Sample

Course: Pearson BTEC Levels 4 and 5 Higher Nationals in Computing Specification

BTEC HND Level 5 Unit 49 Operating Systems is designed to help students understand the role of operating systems in modern computer systems. Operating systems are embedded into most computer-based equipment and devices, controlling their function and managing memory and other resources. The module will enable candidates to develop an understanding of how operating system features to support different user requirements as well as an appreciation of the key operational issues associated with developing a distributed operating system.

The operating systems discussed in this module include MS-DOS, Windows, UNIX, Linux, Android, OS2, and MacOS. Each of these systems has a slightly different role to play in modern computer systems, but all three control the interaction between software and hardware resources within the system. Additionally, each of these operating systems is used as a base for different types of computing platforms such as servers, workstations, and embedded systems.

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We are discussing some assignment tasks in this unit. These are:

Assignment Task 1: Investigate different Operating Systems, their functions and user interfaces.

There are a number of different types of operating systems available, each with its own specific function and user interface. The most common type of operating system is the desktop operating system, which is designed for use on personal computers and laptops. The most popular desktop operating systems are MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, UNIX and Linux. Each of these operating systems has a different function and user interface.

• MS-DOS is a single-user, single-tasking operating system that was first released in 1981. It is typically only used on very old computers or on specialist industrial equipment. The user interfaces for MS-DOS is a command-line interface, which requires users to type in commands in order to run programs or access files.
• Microsoft Windows is the most popular desktop operating system in the world. It is designed for use on personal computers and laptops. Windows is a closed source operating system, which means that only Microsoft can develop and release new versions of the software. The latest version of Windows is Windows 10, which was released in 2015. Windows 10 has a number of new features, including a new Start menu, a virtual assistant called Cortana, and support for universal apps.
• Apple macOS is the second most popular desktop operating system in the world. It is designed for use on Apple’s Mac computers and laptops. macOS is a closed source operating system, which means that only Apple can develop and release new versions of the software. The latest version of macOS is macOS Sierra, which was released in 2016. macOS Sierra includes a number of new features, including a new Siri interface, support for Apple Pay, and a new file system.
• UNIX is an open-source operating system that can be used on a wide range of hardware platforms. It was originally designed for use on mainframes but has since been ported to work on smartphones, tablets, and other devices. UNIX has a command-line interface and uses text commands to run programs or access files.
• Linux is the third most popular desktop operating system in the world. It is designed for use on personal computers but is also commonly used on servers and embedded systems. Linux is an open-source operating system, which means that it can be developed and modified by anyone. There are many different versions of Linux available, including Ubuntu, Fedora, and Debian. Each version of Linux has a slightly different function and user interface depending on the specific use case for which it was designed.

These are just a few of the many different types of operating systems available. Other common examples include Android, OS2, and Symbian. As you can see, each operating system has its own specific function and user interface, depending on its intended use case. Understanding these differences is essential if you want to be able to choose the most appropriate operating system for your particular needs.

Assignment Task 2: Explore the processes managed by an Operating System.

An operating system is responsible for managing a wide range of different processes, including resource allocation, program execution, file management, and security. The specific processes managed by an operating system depend on its specific function and user interface. For example, a desktop operating system like Windows or macOS will typically be responsible for managing programs and files on the local hard drive, while a server operating system like Linux or UNIX will be responsible for managing network resources and user access.

Operating systems typically provide a wide range of tools and utilities to help manage these processes. One of the most important tools is the task manager, which provides a real-time view of all the processes running on the system and their current status. The task manager can be used to monitor process performance, terminate unresponsive processes, and troubleshoot process-related issues.

Another important tool provided by most operating systems is the resource monitor. The resource monitor provides detailed information about the resources being used by each process on the system. This information can be used to identify which processes are using the most resources, which in turn can help identify potential performance issues or other types of problems.

Overall, managing processes is one of the most critical functions performed by an operating system. It requires a combination of sophisticated tools and careful monitoring to ensure that all processes are running smoothly and efficiently. Without an effective process management system, systems can become slow, unresponsive, or even crash completely. For this reason, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the processes managed by an operating system and how they can be monitored and optimized.

Assignment Task 3: Demonstrate the use of DOS, Windows, UNIX and Linux.

There are many different types of operating systems available, including DOS, Windows, UNIX, and Linux. Each system is designed for a specific function or set of functions and has its own unique user interface.

One of the most common operating systems used today is Windows. Windows is widely used on personal computers and office networks, as well as many servers and embedded systems. Windows is a graphical operating system, which means that it uses a graphical user interface (GUI) to interact with the user. The Windows GUI is based on the “windows” metaphor, where each program is represented by a window on the screen. Users can open and close these windows to access different programs and files.

Another common type of operating system is UNIX. UNIX is a multitasking and multiuser operating system that was originally developed for use on mainframe computers. UNIX systems are now used on a wide variety of computing platforms, including servers, workstations, and embedded systems. UNIX systems are often used in mission-critical applications where reliability and uptime are essential.

Linux is a type of UNIX system that is available free of charge under an open-source license. Linux is widely used on servers, workstations, and embedded systems. Linux is also the basis for a number of popular distributions, such as Ubuntu and Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

DOS (Disk Operating System) is a type of operating system that was commonly used on personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s. DOS systems are no longer widely used, but they still exist as embedded systems or emulators that can run older DOS applications.

Each of these operating systems offers unique benefits and challenges for system administrators. To effectively manage a Windows or UNIX system, it is important to understand the tools and strategies available for monitoring processes and resources. This can include using tools like the Windows task manager or UNIX top command, as well as techniques such as load balancing and resource allocation.

Regardless of which operating system you are working with, careful process management is essential for maintaining the performance and reliability of your system. By understanding the tools and techniques available, you can ensure that your system is running smoothly and efficiently.

Assignment Task 4: Analyse appropriate techniques and technologies used in distributed and concurrent systems.

Distributed systems are computer networks that span multiple physical locations. They are commonly used for applications such as cloud computing, data storage and sharing, and telecommunications. Distributed systems enable different devices to share resources and communicate with each other over a network.

Concurrent systems are software programs or processes that run simultaneously on the same system. They can be used to improve the performance of a system by distributing tasks across multiple processors. Concurrent systems are often used in high-performance computing applications, such as video rendering and scientific simulations.

Both distributed and concurrent systems use a variety of techniques and technologies to manage resources and communicate with each other. These can include using virtualization to create multiple virtual machines on a single physical system, or using message passing to coordinate the actions of different processes.

Other common techniques for managing distributed and concurrent systems include load balancing, resource allocation, and fault tolerance. Load balancing refers to the practice of distributing work evenly across multiple processors, while resource allocation involves allocating memory and other resources among competing processes. Fault tolerance enables systems to continue operating even in the event of hardware or software failures.

When working with distributed and concurrent systems, it is important to have a firm understanding of these different techniques and technologies. This will allow you to effectively manage your system resources, as well as optimize performance and reliability. Whether you are managing a cloud computing application or a high-performance scientific simulation, understanding the basics of distributed and concurrent systems is essential.

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